土壤气相抽提作用机制探讨和基本数学模型建立

土壤气相抽提 (SVE)是全球石油污染土壤修复的迫切需求下应用的新兴原位技术 ,其理论相对滞后 ,有必要进行系统研究。SVE涉及多学科交叉 ,土壤体系中包含了物质在气—液 (水 )—液 (油 )—固等多相间各种复杂的迁移、转化和物理化学行为 ,本文根据多孔介质流体动力学理论和化工传递原理分析了气相抽提过程中污染物的迁移机制和多相传质关系 ,在近实际假设条件下提出了一套任意维数下SVE基本数学模型 ,严格导出了土壤体系中流体的运动方程、污染物质量方程和污染油的衰减方程等主要控制方程 ,研究结果可作为SVE理论分析和工程设计的基础。     

几种栽培基质的理化特性分析及其对香蕉幼苗生长的影响

[目的]了解不同栽培基质的理化性质,及其对香蕉幼苗生长的影响,为培育健康优质香蕉种苗提供理论基础.[方法]以椰糠、泥炭土及红壤土为基质原料,香蕉组培幼苗为植物材料,研究不同基质理化性质及其对幼苗生长的作用.[结果]椰糠和泥炭土都具有较小的容重,总孔隙度分别为82.6％和77.0％,持水孔隙度分别为59.2％和64.3％,使栽培介质具有较强的通透性和保水能力;而红壤土则有较大的容重,较差的通透性.椰糠有丰富有机质和较高全磷和全钾,而全氮则较低;红壤土的有机质和全氮含量远低于椰糠和泥炭土.椰糠处理的香蕉幼苗在株高、叶数、叶面积、干物重等方面具有较强的生长优势,泥炭土次之,而红壤土则表现最弱.根系形态参数表明,椰糠处理下植株根系较长、粗壮,根表面积较大,显著优于其他两个处理.[结论]单纯红壤土或泥炭土作为基质不能为香蕉幼苗提供最优的生长条件;椰糠具有更适于香蕉幼苗生长的理化性质,利于培育强壮健康无菌种苗,可作为重要的无土栽培介质而广泛应用.     

Effects of Root-Zone Temperature on Growth and Development of Roots of Two Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Clones as Influenced by Plant Age, Nutrient Supply, and Light Intensity

The effects of supraoptimal root-zone temperature (30 °C) on growth and development of roots were investigated in water and soil culture with cuttings of two potato clones DTO-2 (heat tolerant) and LT-1 (heat sensitive) at different plant ages, with different compositions of the nutrient solution, and different light intensities. It is suggested that the negative relation between cutting age and heat susceptibility observed in our experiments, is a reflection of the decreasing shoot/root dry weight ratio rather than of age. Heat damage of root systems increased with the concentration of the nutrient solution, nitrate being the main factor responsible. The influence of light intensity on temperature mediated restriction of root growth was relatively small. However the roots of plants grown under low light intensity (60 W m⁻² PAR) appeared to be less stressed by supraoptimal temperature, i.e. roots appeared brighter, thinner and more ramified than plants growing at high light intensity (190 W m⁻²).     

论大学校报的新闻关系特征

从新闻关系上探讨了大学校报和一般社会性新闻媒体的区别 ,找出了大学校报独有的新闻关系特征 ,在此基础上为提高大学校报的质量提出了一些建议     

浅析现代教育技术在提高教育教学质量中的作用

如何应用现代教育技术对提高教育教学质量,促进教育事业的发展,培养综合素质较高的劳动者具有重要的作用。     

捻转血矛线虫离体培养的研究

本实验研究了:(1)三种人工合成培养基:M199、NCTC109、F_(12);(2)小牛脱纤维蛋白血(以下简称小牛脱纤血)、Filde’s试剂,Bovine hemin;(3)pH值等几种因素对离体培养中捻转血矛线虫(Haemonchou contortus)L_3发育至L_4的影响。结果表明:(1)在相同条件下,NCTC109和M199培养系中的L_3可发育至L_4晚期,F_(12)中L_3只发育至L_4早期;三种培养系中L_3发育至L_4的虫体数占存活虫体数的90％以上,以NCTC109中的发育率为最高,达100％。(2)小牛脱纤血、Filde’s试剂和Bovine hemin对L_3发育至L_4均有促进作用,虫体的存活率明显提高,晚四期幼虫的存活时间延长;小牛脱纤血和Filde’s试剂可使L_3至晚L_4的时间缩短。(3)pH 5.8～6.2时,L_3发育至L_4;速度明显减慢,发育率不到50％;pH 6.6～6.8时,L_3发育至L_4的同步性及发育率明显提高,以pH6.6为最佳。     

欠发达地区不同职业农民信息需求分析——以湘鄂渝黔边区为例

不同职业农民因其生产、生活活动的不同,决定了他们对信息需求的差异,非农产业农民更关注市场与产品销售信息。传统农业农民和农业管理农民更关注新技术、农业政策等最基本的农业信息。分析不同职业农民获取信息的渠道和偏好,传统农业农民更多地依赖传统的人际传媒渠道,而乡村管理农民已由大众传媒渠道逐渐取代了人际传媒渠道。     

人脸表情识别中滤波算法的研究

去噪滤波技术是数字图像处理中的一个重要内容,是计算机视觉技术、模式识别、图像数据分析的基础,因而受到广泛的研究;并在人脸识别、表情识别、遥感成像等领域获得广泛的应用。通过对多种去噪滤波算法进行比较,选定了一种改进的二维中值滤波快速算法将其应用到表情识别中,得到较好效果。     

Designing the ideal habitat for entomopathogen use in nursery production

BACKGROUND: Greenhouse and nursery producers use entomopathogens (nematodes and fungi) to control soil pests. Although it is known that the physical and chemical properties of mineral soil significantly impact upon soil pathogens, the influence of soilless media used for plant production on entomopathogen performance is poorly understood. RESULTS: Survival and foraging distance were differently affected by sand:peat, bark and sawdust media for entomopathogenic nematodes, but not for the immobile fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. Redwood sawdust medium consistently had a negative impact upon entomopathogenic nematodes. Dividing media into individual components supported the hypothesis that redwood sawdust reduced foraging and infection abilities of S. riobrave and H. bacteriophora. Physically altering the components by adding sand significantly improved foraging and infection success for S. riobrave in media not optimum for foraging. CONCLUSION: This study is the first to highlight the importance of selecting the appropriate soilless media and pathogen species combinations to increase efficacy of biological control. H. bacteriophora was able to find hosts in a wider diversity of medium components than S. riobrave, although both nematode species performed well in peat moss and recycled plant material. These results suggest that peat moss, recycled plant material and hardwood bark are components amenable to EPN biological control programs. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

兰州百合子球高效培育与基质选择研究

为缩短兰州百合培育周期,研究了兰州百合子球培育与基质筛选。以鳞片扦插60 d的兰州百合子球小苗为材料,通过连续两个生长季的栽培,研究了基质配比、栽培深度、栽培密度等因素对子球膨大的影响。结果表明,在草炭︰细砂=3︰1的基质中,采用栽培深度为子球高度1倍、栽培密度为12 cm×12 cm时,子球直径能够达到1.7 cm以上,可获得较好的子球膨大效率,缩短子球培育时间。